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    • 专利摘要:
    A method for estimating the deformation or the deformed shape of a portion of a completion string (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) placed in a portion of a wellbore (102; 402; 532) lined with one or more casings (104; 204; 304; 404; 534; 702) and having one or more tools coupled thereto according to one of: (A) the tools comprise one or more a plurality of concentric tools (106-120; 208; 406; 540-550; 602-608; 612-616) and one or more eccentric tools (122; 206; 306,308; 552; 610; 700) and wherein the wellbore (102; 402; 532) is not deflected; (B) the tools comprise two or more eccentric tools (122; 206; 306; 308; 552; 610; 700) and the portion of the wellbore (102; 402; 532) is not deflected; or (C) the tools comprise (1) one or more concentric tools (106-120; 208; 406; 540-550; 602-608; 612-616); (2) one or more eccentric tools (122; 206; 306, 308; 552; 610; 700), or both (1) and (2) and the portion of the wellbore (102; 402; 532) is deflected may involve the calculation of the shapes for the completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) wherein at least one of the tools contacts a casing (104; 204; 304; 404; 534; 702); calculating a shape deformation energy; and selecting a minimal energy form among the forms.
    公开号:FR3037096A1
    申请号:FR1653483
    申请日:2016-04-20
    公开日:2016-12-09
    发明作者:Yuan Zhang；Robello Samuel
    申请人:Halliburton Energy Services Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] ESTIMATING THE DEFORMATION OF A COMPLETION TRAIN CAUSED BY AN ECCENTRIC TOOL COUPLED WITH THE HISTORICAL TOOL The present application concerns the estimation of the deformation of a completion train caused by an eccentric tool coupled thereto. . Wells that are used in the exploration and production of gas and oil are often dug in stages, where a step is dug and lined with a casing, then a second stage with smaller diameter is dug and lined with casing, etc. Once drilling of the wellbore is completed, completion of the wellbore is undertaken. Completion operations typically describe the events required to bring a wellbore to the production stage once the drilling operations are completed. For example, completion operations may be carried out with a completion train having tools coupled thereto (eg shutters, side pocket mandrels, a perforator, etc.) that enable safe and efficient production at from an oil or gas well. [0003] With the increase in the complexity of wellbore geometries both in terms of diameter and trajectory, advanced completion tools have often descended together in the wellbore to maximize reservoir productivity. Due to design requirements, some tools coupled to the completion train are not concentric to boreholes but are off-center or off-center.
    [0002] These eccentric tools help improve production and have several uses. However, since the completion train pivots when it has descended into the wellbore, the eccentric tools coupled to it add additional radial stress to the completion train and may result in deformation of the completion train (for example). eg an elbow).
    [0003] In addition, the eccentric tools are generally stuck in the wellbore, particularly the small diameter portions of the wellbore due to this deformation of the completion train.
    [0004] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0004] The following figures are presented to illustrate certain aspects of the embodiments, and should not be considered as exclusive embodiments. The subject matter of the invention described may be subject to considerable modifications, alterations, combinations and equivalents in form and function, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art who benefit from this description. [0005] Figure 1 illustrates a deformed completion train placed in a wellbore lined with a casing. FIG. 2 illustrates a non-deformed completion train placed in a wellbore lined with one or more casings. [0007] FIG. 3 illustrates another example of an undeformed completion train placed in a wellbore lined with one or more casings. [0008] FIG. 4 illustrates a non-deformed completion train placed in a wellbore, the illustrated portion thereof being deflected and lined with one or more casings. [0009] FIG. 5 presents an exemplary illustration of a system for completing a gas or oil well from an offshore platform. [0010] Figure 6 illustrates a completion train that has been modeled and used in two exemplary simulated wellbars. Figure 7 illustrates a sectional diagram in an eccentric tool in a casing. Figure 8 illustrates the deformation curves of the completion train at the eccentric tool when the eccentricity varies. Figure 9 illustrates a graph of lateral forces on components for different eccentricity values. FIG. 10 illustrates the curves of deflection of the completion train at the level of the eccentric tool when the external diameter (OD) of two concentric tools is varied. FIG. 11 illustrates the resistance force and the energy index for the completion train at the eccentric tool when the OD of two concentric tools is varied.
    [0005] DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0016] The methods and analyzes described herein allow estimating the deformation of a completion train, which can then be used to calculate the lateral forces on the completion train. Calculated lateral forces can be used by engineers and operators to adjust operational parameters during axial and / or rotational movement of the completion train within a wellbore to mitigate the likelihood of jamming the Completion train in the wellbore. In a non-deformed configuration, the completion train is a continuous steel pipe, substantially straight with one or more downhole tools coupled thereto. The concentric tools coupled to the completion train exert equal radial forces on the completion train as it pivots, so that the completion train is substantially undistorted. However, the eccentric tools exert unequal radial forces and cause deformation of the completion train. In addition, a completion train may deform when the trajectory of the wellbore changes, even if one or more tools are coupled or not to it. When the completion train is deformed, the pipe folds into a waveform so that the tools coupled thereto can (1) contact the wall of the casing and (2) act as lateral supports to the deformed completion train. Once the completion train is deformed, the shape of the completion train is not constant. Instead, the shape change can occur across the entire borehole depending on the trajectory and diameter of the wellbore. For example, as the wellbore changes in diameter, the tools coupled to the completion train are confined to a smaller radial dimension, resulting in a change in the shape of the completion train. [0019] The methods and analyzes described herein use a minimal energy model to determine or estimate the deformed shape of the completion train. The minimum energy model assumes that the completion train remains in the minimum energy state. After comparing the deformation energy of thousands of possible shapes, the model selects the minimum energy form (ie, the shape with minimal deformation energy). The minimum energy form can be used in calculating the lateral forces of the completion train using a continuous train model. In addition, the minimum energy model described herein can be used in determining appropriate distances between tools coupled to the completion train to mitigate stuck completion trains and damaged completion trains. FIG. 1 illustrates a deformed completion train 100 placed in a wellbore 102 lined with one or more casings 104. The wellbore 102 and the casing 104 comprise two sections: a first section 102a aligned with a tubing having a diameter larger than the second section 102b. In addition, the completion train 100 illustrated has several tools coupled thereto including the concentric tools 106-120 and an eccentric tool 122. In the minimum energy model described here, some of the tools 106-122 can be active, which means that the tool comes in contact with the casing 104 and supports the completion train 100. In the form illustrated in FIG. 1, the second, fourth, sixth, seventh and eighth concentric tools 108, 112, 116, 118, 120, respectively, from left to right are active tools 124 while the other concentric tools 106, 110, 114 are inactive tools 126 that do not come into contact with the wall of the casing. In addition, the eccentric tool 122 is illustrated as an active tool 124. While FIG. 1 specifically illustrates 6 active tools 124, including the eccentric tool 122, any number of active tools 124 can be used when calculating the plurality of possible shapes. The minimum energy model described herein firstly calculates a plurality of possible forms that the completion train 100 can assume by varying the tools 106-120 which are active tools 124 and inactive tools 126. For example, in some cases, the calculation of the plurality of possible shapes for the completion train 100 may first involve the radial positioning of some of the tools 106-120 in the wellbore 102 so that they are active tools. 124 which come into contact with the casing 104. Next, the shape of the completion train 100 can be calculated by appropriately connecting the active tools 124. Finally, the remaining tools 106-120 which have been designated as inactive tools 126 can be placed along the completion train 100 in their respective axial positions. Once a plurality of shapes is computed, the impossible shapes can be eliminated. The impossible forms for the completion train 100 may occur when inactive tools 126 are returned to the completion train 100 and a portion of an individual inactive tool 126 is radially out of the limit defined by the casing 104. The strain energy of each of the remaining possible shapes for the completion train 100 can then be calculated. In some embodiments, the deformation energy of each shape can be calculated by dividing the completion train 100 into sections 128-136 with measurement points at the active tools 124 consecutive. Then, the strain energy for each section 128-136 can be calculated (e.g., according to the following Equation 1, where M is the moment in section 128-136 of completion train 100 which is calculated, M is the unit time of section 128-136 of completion train 100 which is calculated, L is the length of section 128-136 of completion train 100 which is calculated, E is the Young's modulus of completeness train. 100, 1 is the moment of inertia, OA is the folding angle of the completion train 100 at the first measurement point of the active tool 124, OB is the folding angle of the completion train 100 at the level of the first measuring point of the active tool 124, of the second measurement point of the active tool 124, VA is the deflection of the completion train 100 at the first measurement point of the active tool 124 and vB 20 is the deflection of the completion train 100 at the second point measuring the active tool 124). ## EQU1 ## Deformation energy for each calculated section 128-136, the shape that gives the lowest total strain energy (also called the "minimum energy form") is chosen to represent the true shape of the completion train 100. [0025 In the aforementioned discussion and the illustrated example, 6 active tools 124 are used to create five sections 128-136 for determining the possible forms and the minimum energy form, while this may be preferred in some cases number of active tools 124 and, therefore, any number of sections 128-136 can be used in calculating the possible shapes that the completion train 100 and the minimum energy form can assume. [0026] The form minimum energy, as determined by the method described herein and by processes, can then be further analyzed. For example, lateral forces and constraints of the minimum energy form can be calculated. For example, a completion train 100 may be equalized to a continuous beam supported by active tools 124 coupled thereto. Therefore, a continuous beam theory can be used to calculate possible shapes and then a continuous train model can be used to calculate the bending angles and lateral forces of each possible shape to arrive at a minimum energy form. . Lateral forces and stresses can be useful for predicting whether the tool will jam in the wellbore. Lateral forces and stresses can then be used to calculate the resistance force and stress on completion train 100 (e.g., as described in PCT Patent Application No. PCT / US2013 / 061683 ) during the axial and / or rotational movement of the completion train inside the wellbore. In some cases, the methods and analyzes described herein may be performed during at least a portion of the completion operation (e.g., during the axial and / or rotational movement of the completion train at the inside the wellbore). For example, lateral forces, resistance forces, stresses, or a combination thereof, can be continuously analyzed during the axial and / or rotational movement of the completion train at predetermined times during the course of time. axial and / or rotational movement of the completion train, upon request, or any combination thereof. [0030] In some cases, lateral forces, resistance forces, stresses, or a combination thereof calculated by the methods and analyzes described herein may be used to determine when a completion train failure occurs. 100 is probable or possible. For example, the threshold values for lateral forces, resistance forces, stresses or a combination thereof can be assigned or determined based on the material properties of completion train 100 and / or tools. -122 coupled to this one. When the threshold value is reached or closer to it, actions can be taken to mitigate the failure of the completion train 100. For example, the speed of the axial movement and / or the relational speed can be adjusted to reduce lateral forces, resistance forces, stresses, or a combination thereof. The methods and analyzes described herein can be applied to a variety of other systems that include at least one eccentric component and optionally one or more concentric components. [0032] FIG. 2, for example, illustrates a portion of a non-deformed completion train 200 located or still in a portion of a wellbore 202 lined with one or more casings 204 (shown in FIG. in the form of casings 204 of different diameters). The undeformed completion train 200 includes an eccentric tool 206 and a concentric tool 208 coupled thereto, to which the methods and analyzes described herein can be applied. In such cases, when the methods and analyzes are applied, the eccentric tool 206, the concentric tool 208 and possibly portions of the completion train, which is at that time deformed, can be active and enter into operation. 204. That is, of the plurality of possible shapes of the deformed completion train, there may be shapes in which only the eccentric tool 206 and the concentric tool 208 are active and shapes in which the eccentric tool 206, the concentric tool 208 and one or more portions of the completion train are operative (ie, contacting the casing 204). Then, after eliminating the impossible shapes, the deformation energy of each of the remaining possible shapes for the deformed completion train can then be calculated to determine the minimum energy shape and calculate the lateral forces, the resistance forces, the corresponding constraints, and a combination thereof. [0033] FIG. 3 illustrates part of a non-deformed completion train 300 placed or still in a portion of a wellbore 302 lined with one or more casings 304 (illustrated in the form of casings). 304 of different diameters). The undeformed completion train 300 has two eccentric tools 306, 308 coupled thereto, to which the methods and analyzes described herein can be applied. In such cases, when the methods and analyzes are applied, the eccentric tools 306, 308 and 3037096 8 optionally portions of the completion train, which is at that time deformed, can be active and come into contact with the casing. As previously described, the methods and analyzes described herein can be applied not only to portions of the well bore having a constant diameter and portions of the wellbore where the diameter changes, but also changes in the trajectory of the wellbore (also referred to here as a deviated portion of the wellbore). In applying the methods and analyzes described herein to a portion of the completion train in a deflected portion of the wellbore, the portion of the completion train may include one or more tools coupled thereto, one of which or the plurality of tools may include (A) one or more eccentric tools, (B) one or more concentric tools, or (C) both (A) and (B). FIG. 4, for example, illustrates a non-deformed completion train 400 placed in a wellbore 402, the illustrated portion thereof being deflected and lined with one or more casings 404. Non-deformed completion train 400 is coupled to a concentric tool 406. The methods and analyzes described herein can be applied to the configuration of the completed completion train. [0036] Therefore, the methods and analyzes described herein can be applied to a portion of the wellbore that is lined with one or more casings, a portion of the completion train that is permanently in the well portion. drill having one or more tools coupled thereto, according to one of: (A) wherein the one or more tools comprise one or more concentric tools and one or more eccentric tools and wherein the portion of the wellbore is not deflected; (B) wherein the one or more tools comprise two or more eccentric tools and wherein the portion of the wellbore is not deflected; or (C) wherein the one or more tools comprise (1) one or more concentric tools, (2) one or more eccentric tools or (3) both (1) and (2) and wherein the drilling well is deflected. In some cases, the portion of the borehole may change in diameter. FIG. 5 shows an exemplary illustration of a well system 510 for the completion of a gas or oil well from an offshore platform 512. While this example is illustrated as a In the offshore well system 510, the specialists will recognize the applicability and the corresponding modification for land well systems without departing from the scope of the disclosure. As illustrated, a semi-submersible platform 512 is centered on an immersed formation of oil and gas 514 located below the seafloor 516. An underwater conduit 518 extends from a bridge 520 from the platform 512 to a wellhead installation 522 including underwater well shutters 524. The platform 512 comprises a hoist 526 and a derrick 528 for raising or lowering column trains such as Completion train 530. A well 532 extends through the various land strata, including formation 514. As illustrated, a casing 534 doubles the borehole 532 and is maintained at the same time. In addition, the wellbore 532 has two sections: a first section 532a having a larger diameter than the second section 532b. The illustrated drill string 530 comprises various tools including six concentric tools 540-550 and an eccentric tool 552. In a completion operation, the completion train 530 is lowered through the casing 534 in a downward direction. of the well until it is correctly positioned relative to the formation 514. After completing a completion operation or a part thereof, the completion train 530 can be reassembled through the casing 534 in a direction up the well. During the axial movements towards the bottom of the well and up the well of the completion train 530, the completion train 530 is generally rotated about the longitudinal axis of the wellbore 532, which can result in deformation of the well. Completion train 530 due to the presence of the eccentric tool 552 coupled thereto. The illustrated system 510 may also include a control system 554 which may, inter alia, perform the analyzes and methods described herein. For example, the control system 554 may receive information regarding the geometry of a wellbore 532 (e.g., the axial depth at which the wellbore 532 transitions from the first section 532a to the second section 532b having a smaller diameter, the diameter of each of the sections 532a, 532b of the wellbore 532, the path of the wellbore 532, etc.), the axial depth of one or more tools 540-552, the Configuration of tools 540-552 along completion train 530 (e.g., axial spacing of tools 540-552), speed of rotational and axial movement of completion train 530, etc., and any combination of these. The control system 554 may include a computer readable medium that stores instructions and corresponding algorithms that can be executed by a processor to realize the methods and analyzes described herein. In addition, the control system 554 may be configured to alert an operator, to stop the axial and / or rotational transformation of the completion train 530 within the wellbore 532, to change the parameters of the axial transformation and / or or rotationally of the completion train 530, or a combination thereof when the lateral forces, the resistance forces, the stresses, or a combination thereof, with respect to the completion train 530 are close to or exceed predetermined threshold values described here. [0042] The methods and analyzes described herein may, in some embodiments, be used in the planning or design of a completion operation. For example, when the axial and / or rotational movement of the completion train 530 is simulated (e.g., using mathematical models stored and executed on a control system), the minimum energy form and the lateral forces the resistance forces and the corresponding stresses, or a combination thereof, can be calculated and analyzed. If, during the simulation, lateral forces, resistance forces, stresses, or a combination thereof, indicate that the completion train may be defective or jammed in the wellbore, the design of the train 530, including tools coupled thereto, may be modified. For example, the distance between individual tools can be changed. In another example, the size and shape of the individual tools may be modified (eg, a different tool model may be used that has different dimensions, and has more or less eccentricity for the eccentric tool) . In yet another embodiment, the parameters of axial and / or rotational movement of the completion train 530 can be varied (e.g., axial and rotational velocities of the completion train). A combination of the above elements can also be implemented. The control system or systems 554 (eg, used at a drilling site or during the simulation of a completion operation) and the corresponding hardware used to implement the various blocks 3037096 11 Illustrative modules, elements, components, components, methods, and algorithms described herein may include a processor configured to execute one or more instruction sequences, programming sequences, or code stored on a computer-readable non-transitory medium. The processor may, for example, be a versatile processor, a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a pre-diffused programmable integrated circuit, a programmable logic device, a controller, state, a logic gate, individual hardware components, an artificial neural network, or any similar computing entity that can perform calculations or other data manipulations. In some embodiments, a computer hardware may include such elements as, eg, a memory (eg, RAM, flash memory, ROM, PROM, EPROM, registers, hard disks, removable disks, CD-ROMs, DVDs, or any other similar appropriate storage device or media The executable sequences described herein may be implemented with one or more code sequences contained in a memory. In some embodiments, such a code may be read into a memory from another computer readable medium.The execution of the instruction sequences contained in the memory may cause the processor to perform the process steps described herein. One or more of the processors in a multiprocessor array can be used to execute the instruction sequences in the memory. may be used in place of or in association with software instructions to implement various embodiments described herein. Embodiments of the present invention are therefore not limited to any specific combination of software and / or hardware. In this context, a computer readable medium is any medium that directly or indirectly transmits instructions to a processor for execution. A computer readable medium may take any form including, for example, a non-volatile medium, a volatile medium, and a transmission medium. A non-volatile support may include, for example, optical and magnetic disks. The volatile medium may include, for example, a dynamic memory. The transmission media may include, for example, coaxial cables, wires, optical fibers, and wires that form a bus. Common forms of computer readable media may include, for example, floppy disks, flexible disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes, other than magnetic media, CD-ROMs, DVDs, and other media. such optics, punch cards, paper strips and physical media of this type with holes, RAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM and flash EPROM. For example, the one or more control systems 554 described herein may be configured to receive inputs, which may be real or simulated data, which may include, without limitation, the geometry of a wellbore, the axial depth of one or more tools coupled to the completion train, the configuration of the tools along the completion train, the speed of the rotational and axial movement of the completion train, etc., and any combination thereof; this. The processor may be configured to determine the minimum energy form of the completion train and to calculate the lateral forces, the resistance forces, the stresses, and a combination thereof, corresponding to the minimum energy form. Outputs for lateral forces, resistance forces, stresses, or a combination thereof, may be a numerical value indicative of them, a visual representation of the minimum energy form with force indicators. lateral forces, resistance forces, stresses, or a combination thereof (eg, a color-coded representation that relates the color or intensity of the color to the value of the color), etc.
    [0006] In some cases, the processor may also be configured to trigger an alarm or take corrective action when lateral forces, resistance forces, stresses, or a combination thereof, approach or exceed threshold values. . Embodiments disclosed herein include: Embodiment A: A method which comprises introducing a completion train into a wellbore, wherein a portion of the wellbore is coupled with one or more a plurality of casings and a portion of the completion train that is permanently in the wellbore portion includes one or more tools coupled thereto, according to one of: (A) wherein one or more of several tools include one or more concentric tools and one or more eccentric tools and wherein the portion of the wellbore is not deflected; (B) wherein the one or more tools comprise two or more eccentric tools and wherein the portion of the wellbore is not deflected; or (C) wherein the one or more tools comprise (1) one or more concentric tools, (2) one or more eccentric tools, or both (1) and (2) and wherein the portion of the well drilling is deflected; calculating a plurality of forms for the completion train in which at least one of one or more tools and possibly a part of the completion train comes into contact with a casing of one or more casings ; calculating a strain energy of at least some of the plurality of shapes; and selecting a least energy form having the lowest deformation energy among at least some of the plurality of forms; Embodiment B: A method which includes simulating a mathematical model of a completion train placed in a wellbore, wherein a portion of the wellbore is lined with one or more casings and a portion completion train that is permanently in the wellbore portion has one or more tools coupled thereto, according to one of: (A) wherein the one or more tools comprise one or more concentric tools and one or more eccentric tools and wherein the portion of the wellbore is not deflected; (B) wherein the one or more tools comprise two or more eccentric tools and wherein the portion of the wellbore is not deflected; or (C) wherein the one or more tools comprise (1) one or more concentric tools, (2) one or more eccentric tools, or both (1) and (2) and wherein the portion of the drilling 25 is deflected, wherein the mathematical model is stored on a non-transitory support readable by a processor for execution by the processor; simulating the movement of the completion train axially and rotationally through the wellbore; calculating a plurality of forms for the completion train when the eccentric tool and optionally a portion of the completion train contacts a casing of one or more casings; calculating a deformation energy of at least some of the plurality of shapes; and selecting a least energy form having the lowest deformation energy among at least some of the plurality of forms; Embodiment C: A system that includes a completion train extending into a wellbore, wherein a portion of the wellbore is lined with one or more casings and a portion of the completion train that is remains in the portion of the well bore has one or more tools coupled thereto, according to one of: (A) wherein the one or more tools comprise one or more concentric tools and one or more eccentric tools and wherein the portion of the wellbore is not deflected; (B) wherein one or more tools comprise two or more eccentric tools and wherein the portion of the wellbore is not deflected; or (C) wherein the one or more tools comprise (1) one or more concentric tools, (2) one or more eccentric tools, or both (1) and (2) and wherein the portion of the drilling is deflected; a control system which comprises a processor-readable non-transitory medium and storing instructions for execution by a processor for realizing a method comprising: calculating a plurality of forms for the completion train; wherein the eccentric tool and possibly a part of the completion train come into contact with a casing of one or more casings; calculating a deformation energy of at least some of the plurality of shapes; and selecting a minimum energy form having the lowest deformation energy among at least some of the plurality of forms; and Embodiment D: a processor-readable non-transitory medium and storing instructions for execution by the processor for performing a method comprising: receiving a plurality of inputs relating to a configuration of a system that includes a completion train extending into a wellbore, in which a portion of the wellbore is lined with one or more casings and a portion of the completion train that is permanently in the well portion of the wellbore borehole having one or more tools coupled thereto according to one of: (A) wherein one or more tools comprise one or more concentric tools and one or more eccentric tools and wherein the portion of the drilling is not deflected; (B) wherein the one or more tools comprise two or more eccentric tools and wherein the portion of the wellbore is not deflected; or (C) wherein the one or more tools comprise (1) one or more concentric tools, (2) one or more eccentric tools, or both (1) and (2) and wherein the the wellbore is diverted; calculating a plurality of forms for the completion train in which the eccentric tool and possibly part of the completion train come into contact with a casing of one or more casings; calculating a deformation energy of at least some of the plurality of shapes; and selecting a least energy form having the lowest deformation energy among at least some of the plurality of forms; Each of Embodiments A, B, C and D may have one or more of the additional elements, in any combination: Element 1: The method also includes the calculation of lateral forces for the minimum energy form at a distance of using a continuous beam model; Element 2: the method also comprising Element 1 and providing a threshold value for side forces; moving the completion train axially and rotationally through the wellbore; and changing an axial velocity, a rotational velocity, or both, of the completion train when the lateral forces exceed a threshold value; Element 3: the method also comprising Element 1 and calculating a resistance force during axial movement of the completion train through the wellbore as a function of lateral forces for the minimum energy form; Element 4: the method 20 also comprising Element 3 and providing a threshold value for the resistance force; moving the completion train axially and rotationally through the wellbore; and changing an axial velocity, a rotational velocity, or both, of the completion train when the resistive force exceeds a threshold value; Element 5: the method also comprising Element 1 and calculating a completion train constraint for the minimum energy form as a function of lateral forces; Element 6: the method also comprising Element 5 and providing a threshold value for the constraint of the completion train; moving the completion train axially and rotationally through the wellbore; and changing an axial velocity, a rotational velocity, or both, of the completion train as the completion train exceeds the threshold value and Element 7: wherein the diameter of the borehole portion changes. As a nonlimiting example, examples of combinations applicable to Embodiments A, B, C and D include: Elements 1-3 in combination; Elements 1-4 in combination; Elements 1, 2 and 5 in combination; Elements 1, 2, 5, and 6 in combination; Elements 1-3 and 5 in combination and possibly in combination also with one or both of Elements 4 and 6; Elements 1 and 3 in combination; Elements 1 and 3 in combination; Elements 1, 3 and 4 in combination; Elements 1 and 5 in combination; Elements 1, 5 and 6 in combination and Element 7 in combination with one or more of Elements 1-6 including the foregoing combinations. One or more illustrative embodiments incorporating the embodiments of the invention described herein are set forth below. For the sake of clarity, not all features of a physical implementation are described and not all shown in this application. It will be understood that in developing a physical embodiment embodying the embodiments of the present invention, many implementation-specific decisions must be made in order to achieve the specific objectives of the developers, such as compliance with constraints related to the system or commercial considerations, government and other constraints that will vary from one implementation to another and from time to time. Even though the developer's efforts may be time consuming, such efforts would, nevertheless, be a routine task for the tradespeople who benefit from this disclosure. [0051] Although compositions and methods are described herein in terms of "comprising" various components or steps, the compositions and methods can also be "essentially composed of" or "composed of" the various components and steps. [0052] To facilitate a better understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following examples of preferred or representative embodiments are given. In no case may the following examples be construed as limiting or defining the scope of the invention.
    [0007] EXAMPLES [0053] Figure 6 illustrates a completion train 600 that has been modeled and used in the following two examples of simulated wellbore. Completion train 600 (3.5 "outer diameter (OD)) has the following configuration: a first concentric tool 602 (5.7" OD) is spaced 6 3037096 feet apart (1.83 m) a second concentric tool 604 (5.7 in. OD), which is spaced 5 feet (1.52 m) from a third concentric tool 606 (5.7 in. OD), which is spaced from 2 feet (0, 61m) of a fourth concentric tool 608 (variable diameter), which is spaced 2 feet (0.61 m) from an eccentric tool 5 610 (5.7 in. OD), which is spaced 2 feet (0.61 m) from a fifth concentric tool 612 (variable diameter), which is spaced 3 feet (0.91 m) apart from a sixth concentric tool 614 (5.7 in. OD) , which is spaced 11 feet (3.3 m) apart from a seventh concentric tool 616 (5.7 in. OD). The previous spacings are between the centers of the respective tools. In the examples, the completion train 600 is deposited in a cased wellbore in which the casing has two sections: a narrow section (internal diameter of 6 inches (15, 24 cm)) and a large section (internal diameter of 6.3 inches (16 cm)). In the models of the following examples, the seventh concentric tool 616 is introduced (or engaged) into the first narrow section, and the exact position is analyzed with the eccentric tool 610 positioned at 20 feet (6, 09 m) in the section. narrower casing. Example 1 The eccentricity degree of the eccentric tool 610 of the completion train 600 was varied from 0.5 to 0.9 inches (1.27 to 2.29 cm) in increments of 0. 1. As used herein, the degree of eccentricity is defined by an eccentricity ratio which is 7.e wherein, as illustrated in FIG. 7 (a sectional diagram of an eccentric tool 700 in a casing 702), e represents the eccentricity or length that separates the center of the tool 700 from the center of the casing 702, R represents the casing radius 702, and r represents the radius of the eccentric tool 700. [0055] In this example, the fourth and fifth concentric tools 608, 612 were modeled at a 3.5 inch OD (8, 89 cm) to correspond to the Completion train and inactive tools considered. FIG. 8, and while referring to FIG. 6, illustrates the deformation curves of the completion train 600 at the level of the eccentric tool 610 when the eccentricity varies. These curves suggest that as the eccentricity of the eccentric tool 610 of the medium increases, the deformation of the completion train 600 becomes more extensive. As a result, the tools 602606, 610, 614-616 that support the completion train 600 move axially closer within the wellbore. On the contrary, if the eccentricity decreases, the curve flattens, and the axial distance along the borehole between the tools 602-606, 610, 614-616 is widened. FIG. 9, and while referring to FIG. 6, illustrates a graph of the lateral forces on the components for different cases of eccentricity of Example 1. When the eccentricity of the eccentric tool 610 increases. the lateral forces on the tools 602-606, 610, 614-16 increase sharply. This graph also suggests that the lateral forces are greater for the eccentric tool 610 and the third and sixth concentric tools 606,614 (ie, the closest active tools to the concentric tool 610). comparison with other tools 602-604, 616 which are further away from the eccentric tool 610. This suggests that the deformation energy of the completion train 600 will be concentrated near the eccentric tool 610, but also the Most of the lateral forces, resistance forces and stresses are exerted on the components and the parts of the completion train 600 near the eccentric tool 610. Therefore, in many cases the concentric tool analysis described here can achieve good accuracy because the 6 middle components, including the eccentric tool, account for most lateral forces, resistance forces and stresses. Example 2. In this example, the fourth and fifth concentric tools 608, 612 were modeled with variable ODs of 3.5 inches (5.59 cm) to 5.5 inches (13.97 cm). and the eccentric tool 610 has a degree of eccentricity of 0.5. FIG. 10, and while referring to FIG. 6, illustrates the defection curves of the completion train 600 at the eccentric tool 610 when the OD of the fourth and fifth tools are varied. concentric 608, 612. Figure 7 illustrates that for an OD of 5 inches (12.7 cm) or less of the 4th and 5th concentric tools 608, 612, the shape of the deflected completion train 600 is flatter, and there is no point of support at the locations of the test components. In these cases, the 4th and 5th concentric tools 608, 612 are inactive components. When the OD of the 4th and 5th concentric tools 608, 612 is greater than 5.5 inches (13.97 cm), the deflected completion train 600 rotates sharply upwards, and the contact points between the 4th and 5th 5th concentric tools 608, 612 and the wellbore move axially closer within the wellbore to the eccentric component. FIG. 11, and while referring to FIG. 6, illustrates the corresponding strength of resistance and the energy index of the completion train 600. This analysis illustrates that the larger OD (specifically 5 inches (13.97 cm) or more) of the 4th and 5th concentric tools 608, 612 results in the storage of a greater amount of strain energy in the completion train 600, which gives more force of resistance. This graph illustrates that as the strain energy of the train increases, the resistance force also increases. Therefore, the present invention is well suited to achieve the stated objectives and advantages as well as those inherent thereto. The particular embodiments described above are illustrative only, as the present invention may be modified and practiced in a different but equivalent manner, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art who benefit from the teachings of the present disclosure. In addition, no limitation is contemplated with respect to the construction or design details described herein, other than those described in the following claims. It is therefore obvious that the particular illustrative embodiments described above may be altered, combined or modified, and that all such variations are considered within the scope and spirit of the present invention. The invention described illustratively herein may suitably be practiced in the absence of any element not specifically described herein and / or any optional element described herein.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A method of estimating the deformation of a completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) comprising: introducing a completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) in a wellbore (102; 402; 532), wherein a portion of the wellbore (102; 402; 532) is lined with one or more casings (104; 204; 304; 404; 534; 702) and a portion of the completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) which is permanently in the portion of the wellbore (102; 402; 532) which includes one or more tools coupled thereto, according to one of the following: (A) wherein the one or more tools comprise one or more concentric tools (106-120; 208; 406; 540550; 602-608; 612-616; and one or more eccentric tools (122; 206; 306; 308; 552; 610; 700) and wherein the portion of the wellbore (102; 402; 532) is not deflected; (B) wherein the one or more tools comprise two or more eccentric tools (122; 206; 306; 308; 552; 610; 700) and wherein the portion of the wellbore (102; 402; 532); is not deviated; or (C) wherein the one or more tools comprise (1) one or more concentric tools (106-120; 208; 406; 540-550; 602-608; 612- 616), (2) one or more eccentric tools (122; 206; 306; 308; 552; 610; 700) or both (1) and (2) and wherein the portion of the wellbore (102; 402; 532) is deflected; calculating a plurality of forms for the completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) in which at least one of one or more of the tools and possibly a portion of the train; completion members (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) contact a casing (104; 204; 304; 404; 534; 702) of one or more casings (104; 204; 304; 404; 534; 702); calculating a deformation energy of at least some of the plurality of shapes; and selecting a least energy form having the lowest deformation energy from at least some of the plurality of shapes. 21 3037096
    [0002]
    The method of claim 1, further comprising: calculating lateral forces for the minimum energy form using a continuous beam pattern.
    [0003]
    3. The method of claim 2, further comprising: defining a threshold value for lateral forces; moving the completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530) axially and rotationally through the wellbore (102; 402; 532); and changing an axial velocity, a rotational velocity, or both, of the completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) when the lateral forces exceed the threshold value.
    [0004]
    The method of claim 2, further comprising: calculating a resistance force during axial movement of the completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) through the borehole (102,402; 532) based on lateral forces for the minimal energy form.
    [0005]
    The method of claim 4, further comprising: defining a threshold value for the resistance force; moving the completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) axially and rotationally through the wellbore (102; 402; 532); and changing an axial velocity, a rotational velocity, or both, of the completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) when the resistive force exceeds the threshold value. 25
    [0006]
    The method of claim 2, further comprising: calculating a completion train constraint (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) for the minimum energy form based on the lateral forces.
    [0007]
    The method of claim 6, further comprising: defining a threshold value for the completion train constraint (100; 200; 300; 400; 530); moving the completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530) axially and rotationally through the wellbore (102; 402; 532); and changing the axial velocity, rotational velocity, or both, of the completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) when the stress exceeds the threshold value.
    [0008]
    8. The method of claim 1, wherein the portion of the wellbore (102; 402; 532) changes in diameter.
    [0009]
    A system (510) for estimating strain of a completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) comprising: a completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) extending into a wellbore (102: 402; 532), wherein a bore portion (102; 402; 532) includes one or more tools coupled thereto, in accordance with one of (A) wherein one or more tools comprise one or more concentric tools (106-120; 208; 406; 540-550; 602-608; 612-616) and one or more eccentric tools (122; 206; 306; 308; 552; 610; 700) and wherein the portion of the wellbore (102; 402; 532) is not deflected; (B) wherein the one or more tools comprise two or more eccentric tools (122; 206; 306,308) and wherein the portion of the wellbore (102; 402; 532) is not deflected; or (C) wherein the one or more tools comprise (1) one or more concentric tools (106120; 208; 406; 540-550; 602-608; 612-616); (2) one or more eccentric tools (122; 206; 306; 308; 552; 610; 700) or both (1) and (2) and wherein the portion of the wellbore (102; 402; 532) is deflected; A control system (554) which comprises a processor-readable non-transitory medium and stores instructions for execution by the processor for performing a method comprising: calculating a plurality of forms for the completion train 30 tubing (104; 204; 304; 404; 534; 702) of one or more casings (104; 204; 304; 404; 534; 702); calculating a deformation energy of at least some of the plurality of shapes; and the wellbore (102; 402; 532) is lined with one or more casings (104; 204; 304; 404; 534; 702) and a portion of the completion string (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) which is permanently in the well portion of (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) when the eccentric tool (122; 206; 306,308; 552; 610; 700 ) and optionally a portion of the completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) come into contact with a selection of a minimum energy form having the lowest deformation energy from at least some of the plurality of forms.
    [0010]
    A processor-readable non-transitory data carrier and for storing instructions for execution by the processor for performing a method comprising: receiving a plurality of inputs relating to a completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) extending into a wellbore (102; 402; 532), wherein a portion of the wellbore 10 (102; 402; 532) is lined with one or more casings; (104; 204; 304; 404; 534; 702) and a portion of the completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) which is permanently in the portion of the well bore (102; 402 532) comprises one or more tools coupled thereto, according to one of: (A) wherein the one or more tools comprise one or more concentric tools (106-120; 208; 406; 540-550; 602-608, 612-616) and one or more eccentric tools (122; 206; 306; 308; 552; 610; 700) and wherein the portion of the wellbore (102; 02; 532) is not deviated; (B) wherein one or more tools comprise two or more eccentric tools (122; 206; 306; 308; 552; 610; 700) and wherein the portion of the wellbore (102; 402; 532); is not deviated; or (C) wherein the one or more tools comprise (1) one or more concentric tools (106-120; 208; 406; 540-550; 602-608; 612-616), (2) one or more eccentric tools (122; 206; 306; 308) or both (1) and (2) and wherein the portion of the wellbore (102; 402; 532) is deflected; Calculating a strain energy of at least some of the plurality of shapes; and selecting a minimum energy form having the lowest deformation energy from at least some of the plurality of shapes. calculating a plurality of forms for the completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) when the eccentric tool (122; 206; 306; 308; 552; 610; 700); a portion of the completion train (100; 200; 300; 400; 530; 600; 700) contacts a casing (104; 204; 304; 404; 534; 702) of one or more casings (104; 204; 304; 404; 534; 702);
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    AU2015396848A1|2017-11-02|
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    WO2016195706A1|2016-12-08|
    GB2554272A|2018-03-28|
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    法律状态:
    2017-04-12| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2018-04-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-04-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-07-17| RX| Complete rejection|Effective date: 20200605 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    PCT/US2015/034389|WO2016195706A1|2015-06-05|2015-06-05|Estimating deformation of a completion string caused by an eccentric tool coupled thereto|
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